What is Heart Disease?

In Australia, 90% of people have at least one risk factor for heart disease. Many of those risk factors can be controlled or improved. Keeping your heart healthy is the most important thing you can do to help prevent and manage heart disease. This advice applies, no matter your age. It won’t matter if you have more than one risk factor, you can still make changes to help reduce the chances of developing heart problems.

What is Heart Disease?

In Australia, 90% of people have at least one risk factor for heart disease. Many of those risk factors can be controlled or improved. Keeping your heart healthy is the most important thing you can do to help prevent and manage heart disease. This advice applies, no matter your age. It won’t matter if you have more than one risk factor, you can still make changes to help reduce the chances of developing heart problems.

Heart disease is a category for a host of conditions that affect the heart muscle and its functions. The category is also known as ‘cardiovascular disease’. Cardiovascular disease generally describes conditions that involve blood vessel constriction that can bring about angina (chest pain), a heart attack, or stroke.

What is Ischaemic Heart Disease?

Ischaemic heart disease, or ischemia, is a condition where restricted blood supply deprives the heart of oxygen. The heart is described as ischaemic when demand for oxygen exceeds the supply provided by blood flowing through the coronary arteries. The most likely cause of ischaemic heart disease is plaque (fatty material and cells) building up in a coronary artery that supplies blood to the heart. The accumulating plaque ends up obstructing the flow of blood, oxygen and nutrients to the heart. Plaque could also rupture, tear away from the artery wall and cause a clot that completely obstructs blood flow in the artery. When that happens, the part of the heart deprived of blood, stops functioning and dies. This is known as myocardial infarction — heart attack — which can be fatal.

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